The human genome consists of about 3 billion chemical letters (in a sperm or egg cell).
The human genome has 3 billion letters, and it is still up for debate as to how many of these are actually functional.
There are letters that code genes, our genetic material, and there are letters that give instructions on how cells should use the genes.
The 23 pairs of chromosomes in cell nuclei plus a tiny DNA molecule present in each mitochondria make up the human genome, which is a full set of nucleic acid sequences for humans.
The nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome are often treated separately.
The four DNA bases, adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T), are used in different ways by each gene's code to create three-letter "codons" that define which amino acid is required.
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