We can use simultaneous equations to solve that. Which means we can solve 2 unknown numbers from 2 algebraic formulas.
Let the smaller number be y, and the larger number be z.
Now list the 2 equations from the given info.
y + z = 68 (equation 1)
5y = 16 + z (equation 2)
From (1),
y = 68 - z (equation 3)
Substitute (3) into (2).
5 (68-z) = 16 + z
340 - 5z = 16 + z
324 = 6z
z = 54
Now substitute z = 54 back into (1).
y + 54 = 68
y = 14
Therfore the 2 numbers are 14 and 54
